Chemistry and biology of piquiá: Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70151/p4x1vd95Keywords:
medicinal plants, essential oils, natural products, phenolic, carotenoidsAbstract
The Amazon biome is rich in plant species that have essential physicochemical, nutritional, and pharmacological properties that guarantee health benefits. The genus Caryocar spp. stands out for having native exotic fruits, including C. villosum, C. brasiliense, and C. coriaceum. These are the most studied species, with a nutritional source and rich in fatty acids, mainly oleic and palmitic acids, and phenolic compounds. Therefore, the objective of this review is to present the reported chemical properties and biological activities of fruits of the most common species of the genus Caryocar in Brazil. The main chemical compounds found in Caryocar species are phenolic, among them gallic acid, ellagic acid, and HDDP-Glucose; and carotenoids as antheraxanthin and zeaxanthin. This rich composition of the fruits shows important biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial. In addition to adding economic value to different biotechnological and industrial applications, which have been drawing the attention of different branches of industries, valuing natural products and suggesting new alternatives for users that allow the generation of biotechnological products that can contribute to economic, social, and technological development. of all those involved in this process.
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