Evaluation of the antibacterial potential of crude extracts and essential oils of three Baccharis species
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70151/m8ej0242Keywords:
Antibacterial potential, Genetic identification, Medicinal plants, methodologies of extractionAbstract
The purpose of this work was to analyze the antimicrobial potential of Baccharis trimera, B. gaudichaudiana and B. dracunculifolia, which were used to perform antibiogram tests, with Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and a wild microorganism isolated from soil, which was submitted to molecular identification characterized as Bacillus cereus. The sensitivity or resistance of each microorganism subjected to hydro-alcoholic extracts and essential oils of the three plants was analyzed, and the inhibition was quantitatively evaluated according to the halo formed around the disks of paper. Data were subjected to statistical evaluation using a completely randomized design, in a three-factor split-plot scheme and four replications. The results of the microorganism susceptibility tests allow us to infer that B. trimera (Less.) DC. has a greater inhibitory action in the essential oils. The two microorganisms with Gram-positive characteristic cell walls (B. cereus and S. aureus) suffered growth inhibition by the three species of Baccharis, both in essential oils and in extracts. In the case of Gram-negative (E. coli and P. aeruginosa) there was no growth inhibition at the concentrations of extracts and essential oils used. The microorganism B. cereus suffered a greater inhibitory influence from the species B. trimera and B. gaudichaudiana. Chemical analysis showed similarity of five compounds in the tested species, namely Caryophyllene; Bicyclo[4.4.0]dec-1-ene, 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-9-methylene-; y-Gurjunene; D-Amorphene and Spathulenol. Some of these are already known in the literature due to their antibacterial capacity. The sum, in percentage, of these compounds for was 39.08, 31.45 and 37.15%, respectively.
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