Floral biology, microsporogenesis and chromosome number in five species of plants used in popular medicine in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70151/przmxb71Keywords:
meiosis, pollen viability, chromosome, popular medicineAbstract
Eleven population of five species of plants used in Rio Grande do Sul State as popular medicine had been observed for three years regarding to the flower period and studied cytogenetically. Discaria americana and Matricharia chamomilla flower during winter while Foeniculun vulgare and Symphytum officinale flower in warmer stations and Plectranthus barbatus during temperated clime. In the microsporogenesis, there were formed 11 bivalents in D. americana and F. vulgare; 9 bivalents in M. chamomilla; 14 bivalents in P. barbatus and 21 bivalents in S. officinale. Despite of the fact that the species P. barbatus and S. officinale have vegetative reproduction, they kept the gametogenesis cycle. Plant like M. chamomilla cultivated inside a house green showed 20.8% of meiotics irregularities, 65.2% of meiotic index and 56.7% of pollen viability, while plants cultivated at room temperature showed only 5.8% of irregular cells, 88.6% of meiotic index and 97.5% of pollen viability. In S. officinale 25.9% of the cells showed irregularities with bridge formation and the presence of 2, 3, 4 and 5 belated chromosome that reflect in the meiotic index around 60% and pollen viability 53.21%. The chromosome number of the studied species were: 2n=2x=22 in D. americana, 2n=2x=22 in F. vulgare, 2n=2x=18 in M. chamomilla, 2n=2x=28 in P. barbatus and 2n=2x=42 in S. officinale.
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