Uma alternativa para produção de mudas de gengibre (Zingiber officinale Roscoe)

Abstract

The objective of this work is to establish an in vitro multiplication methodology of Zingiber officinale Roscoe plants with important therapeutic properties. The yolks were disinfested and established in MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/l naphthaleneacetic acid (ANA), 3.0 mg/l benzylaminopurine (BAP), 30 g/l sucrose, 1 g/l of activated carbon, 6.5 g/l of agar and pH adjusted to 5.8 before autoclaving. In the multiplication step, the explants were inoculated in glass vials containing the MS culture medium supplemented with ANA (0.0 and 0.20 mg/l) and BAP (0.0, 1.5, 3, 0, 4.5 and 6.0 mg/l), 30 g/l sucrose and 1 g/l activated charcoal and grown in a growth room under controlled conditions of temperature, light intensity and photoperiod, three subcultures with interval of 30 days each. The plants were evaluated after 30 days of each cultivation period through the characteristics of plant height (AP), number of shoots (NB), number of green leaves (NFV), number of senescent leaves (NFS) and number of roots). The AP characteristic showed increasing values ​​throughout the three subcultures performed. The addition of 0.2 mg/l of ANA associated with 1.5 mg/l of BAP or 4.5 mg/l of BAP in the multiplication phase were the concentrations that presented the highest values ​​of NB (4.49 and 4.69, respectively). The NFV showed increasing values ​​in the different subcultures, with a mean of 3.62 leaves in the first subculture and 13.73 leaves in the third, a characteristic that also varied as a function of the BAP concentrations, and the highest averages were observed when the plants were cultured in MS medium containing 1.5 mg/l (9.82) and 4.5 mg/l (9.79). On the other hand, the increase in BAP concentrations used in the MS medium caused the increase in NFS. For the NR, the highest averages were observed in MS medium containing 1.5 mg/l and 4.5 mg/l of BAP associated with 0.2 mg/l of ANA (7.97 and 7.02, respectively), with lower NR score in MS medium containing 3.0 mg/l of BAP associated with 0.2 mg/l of ANA (3.35). The results showed that the highest means of the evaluated characteristics (AP, NB, NFV and NR) were observed in the third subculture. In addition, to achieve higher NB values ​​the MS culture medium containing 1.5 mg/l or 4.5 mg/l of BAP associated with 0.2 mg/l of ANA can be used.